中国特色的水土保持成就和治理措施

Success and Treatment Measures of Soil and Water Conservation with Chinese Character

水土流失对人类生存环境极为不利。它是人类诸多灾害的根源。全世界约有2500万平方公里土地遭受水土流失。中国的水土流失面积达356万平方公里。1949年以来，中国已累计综合治理水土流失面积92万平方公里，建设基本农田11.3万平方公里。水土保持是一项综合性很强的系统工程，水土保持是山区发展的生命线，是国土整治、江河治理的根本。是国民经济和社会发展的基础。是我们必须长期坚持的一项基本国策。经过近百年的发展，具有中国特色的水土保持科学体系已经基本形成。进入21世纪，水土保持科学技术研究工作迎来了新的发展机遇了，同时面临着许多严峻的挑战。在系统分析中国水土保持科技发展现状；建设成就与问题的基础上，提出了中国水土保持科学技术今后10～15年的发展战略、任务、目标重点研究领域和关键措施。

Water and Soil loss as the root of many natural disasters has many disadvantages on environment. The total soil loss area of the world is more than 25 million square kilometer and in China is 3.56 million square kilometer. Since the year of 1945, 0.92 million square kilometer soil loss area has been treated and 0. 113 million square kilometer basic farmland has been built. Soil loss as an all-around systematic design is the lifeline of mountainous area developnent, the root of land reclamation and river regulation, the basic of the developnent of economy and society, the China＇s basic national policy that we should long adhere to. From the development of one hundred years, the scientific system of soil and water conservation with Chinese character has been built. In 21 century the science and technology research of soil and water conservation has a chance for advancement and at the same time face some challenges. Under the system analysis of development actuality and questions of soil and water conservations in China, the development stratagem, task, target and key measures of 10～15 years about soil and water conservation in China have been brought forward.