“本体论承诺”与科学知识不确定性的根源

Ontological Promise and the Origin of the Indeterminacy of Scientific Knowledge

科学知识是以假说的形式被提出并通过不断的经验证实成为科学理论而被接受的。科学假说是科学家把对世界的信念和看法用语言陈述的形式具体化了的命题。这种语言层面的命题表述,涉及把世界的本体实在翻译成有意义的概念,进行判断、推理形成科学理论的过程。由于世界本体实在的相对性及本体论的相对性,使得由此建立起来的科学假说具有相对性和不确定性,本体论的相对性构成科学知识不确定性的根源。奎因通过语言和逻辑的分析,把这一问题明确地表现出来并进行了具体和详尽的阐述。

The scientific knowledge, which is presented irt the form of supposition, is received by scientific theory through incessant experiential confirmation. The scientific supposition comes from a scientist＇s faith of and attitude towards the world and then becomes some concrete proposition. Because of the relativity of the existence and the relativity of the ontology for the existence, this scientific supposition has its relatity and indeterminacy. The ontological relativity makes up of the indeterminacy of the scientific indeterminacy. W. V. Quine elaborately represented this problem in virtue of his lingual and logical analysis.