青海木里煤田冻土环境评价研究

Study of the Permafrost Environmental Assessment in Muli Coalfield,Qinghai Province

为了评价青海木里煤田冻土环境,在分析了煤矿开采与冻土环境相互作用的基础上,建立了由冻土热稳定性、冻土冻融侵蚀敏感性和冻土生态脆弱性这三个子系统组成的木里煤田冻土环境评价指标体系,采用层次分析法(AHP法)计算了因子权重,利用文献和野外考察资料,通过权重和评价指标分级标准加权计算建立了评价等级标准并对木里煤田冻土环境进行了综合评价.结果表明:木里煤田冻土环境质量为一般状态,冻土退化现象已经明显,冻融侵蚀现象已经出现,冻土生态环境受到影响,冻土环境已经受到干扰;评价结果客观、准确,与实际相符;AHP法应用于冻土环境评价是科学的,有效的,具有一定的推广和实用价值.

In order to assess the permafrost environment in Mull coalfield, based on analyzing the interaction between coal mining and permafrost environment, an integrated indicator system of Mull coalfield was set up, which consisted of three subsystems： subsystem of permafrost thermal stability, subsystem of permafrost freezing-thawing erosion sensibility and subsystem of permafrost ecological vulnerability. The indicators＇ weights were calculated from analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. According to documental data and fieldwork data, assessment grade standard of Muli coalfield were established by weighing indicators weights and their grade standard, which consisted of five situations： ideal situation, good situation, general situation, worse situation and bad situation, Then the permafrost environment in Muli coalfield was assessed. The research result shows that the permafrost environment in Muli coalfield is at the general situation, the permafrost degradation is obvious, the permafrost freezing-thawing erosion has appeared, and the permafrost ecological environment has been influenced. The assessment result is objective, accurate and close to the real situation. Application of AHP to permafrost environmental assessment is scientific and effective, and the method is appropriate to permafrost environmental assessment.