国外股息税改革的理论基础与实践经验

The Theoretical Basis and Experience of Foreign Dividend Tax Reform

全球第四次税收改革浪潮的核心内容是将投资者个人所得税与公司所得税整合。作为投资者税收的重要组成部分,股息税成为各国税收改革重点关注的对象。纵观学术史,有关股息税经济作用的论述主要分为三种观点:传统观、税收无关观以及税收资本化观。这三种理论观点对现实税收政策是否废止股息税或者将公司所得税与股息税合二为一各有主张。本文回顾了有关股息税的理论观点、相关实证检验以及世界主要国家的股息税改革经验,最后提出了针对中国股息税改革的建议。

The fourth global tax reform concentrates on the integration of corporate tax and individual income tax. As the important component of individual tax, dividend tax has naturally become the focus of the reform. Through the academic history, there have been three major theories on the economic effects of dividend tax： the irrelevance theory, the traditional theory and the tax capitalization theory. These three theoretical schools have different views on whether dividend tax should be cancelled or integrated with corporate tax. The paper reviews the main content of the three schools and the relevant empirical evidence, and provides some suggestion on the reform of China dividend tax reform.