世界是拯救实验室——论恩斯特·布洛赫的历史哲学概念

World as Laboratory of Salvation:On Ernst Bloch's Conception of Historical Philosophy

恩斯特·布洛赫历史哲学的宗旨就是要阐明整个人类精神史的中心在于预先推定一种"更美好生活的梦",即一个没有贫困、剥削、压迫和异化的社会制度。在他看来,作为人类学范畴的"希望"集中体现了人类走向更美好未来的意图。"世界是拯救实验室",这是一个自我解救的、从事超越活动的内在者,自身包含着人类的拯救意愿、拯救希望和拯救实验,集中体现了全部现实过程的本质极限构成。"世界是拯救实验室",这一范畴规定包含着一系列重要的历史哲学结论。

The purpose of Ernst Bloch＇s historical philosophy is to illustrate that the focus of the whole human spirit history is to suppose beforehand ＂a dream of better life＂, that is, a society system of no poverty, exploitation, oppression and alienation. To him, hope, as the anthropologic category, intently embodies intention for human beings to a more beautiful future. ＂World as laboratory of salvation＂ is a self - relieved and transcendentalizing immanence. It contains man＇s will of salvation, hope of salvation and experience of salvation in itself and intently embodies the essentially utmost formation of the whole realistic process. ＂World as laboratory of salvation＂ contains a series of important conclusion to historical philosophy.