芳香族化合物绿色硝化反应研究进展

Research Progress of Clean Nitration of Aromatic Compounds

芳香族化合物的硝化反应是重要的亲电取代反应,为替代传统工艺而进行的绿色硝化技术研究成为该领域的热点。本文综述了近年来芳香族化合物的绿色硝化反应的研究进展,包括采用固体酸作催化剂的液相绿色硝化、液体酸/硝酸盐体系的绿色硝化、固体酸作催化剂的气相绿色硝化、Lewis酸催化液相绿色硝化、离子液体催化绿色硝化等主要的绿色硝化技术。简要评论了这些方法的特点及反应机理,并展望了绿色硝化的研究方向。

Recent advances of clean nitration of aromatic compounds, including liquid-phase nitration with solid acid, nitration in liquid acid/nitrate salt system ,vapor-phase nitration with solid acid ,liquid-phase nitration with Lewis acid ,nitration in ionic liquid system, arc reviewed. Their specific features and reaction mechanism are described,and the perspectives of the clean nitration are prospected.