难熔金属单晶的电子束悬浮区熔定向凝固

Directional Solidification of Monocrystal Refractory Metal with Electron Beam Floating Zone Melting

难熔金属及合金以其优异的性能在航空航天、电子信息、能源、化工、冶金和核工业等国防及民用领域有着不可替代的作用,其发展日益受到高度重视。本文综述了难熔金属及合金的应用和发展,以钼、钨及其合金单晶的发展历程为例,概述了难熔金属单晶的电子束悬浮区熔定向凝固制备技术的发展,简要介绍了难熔金属钼的电子束悬浮区熔定向凝固生长工艺与组织的研究。

Refractory metals and alloys with outstanding properties play an unsubstituted role in the fields of national defence, aerospace, electronics, energy sources, chemical engineering, metallurgy and nuclear industry, and attract much more attention recently. The application and development of the refractory metals and alloys are reviewed. As an example of monocrystal W, Mo and alloys, the development of the directional solidification technology with electron beam floating zone melting for the preparation of refractory metal monocrystal is summarized. The processing and microstructure of molybdenum produced by electron beam zone melting is also preliminarily investigated.