糖尿病动物模型及其在DR的应用

DM animal model and its application in diabetic retinopathy

糖尿病动物模型(DM模型)是糖尿病研究的基础。DM模型基础上建立的DR模型为糖尿病性视网膜病变提供很好的病理模型,在糖尿病性视网膜病变研究中起很重要的作用。DM模型主要可分为化学物质诱导性模型、自发性遗传性动物模型、胰腺部分切除模型和转基因模型等4种。其建立方法各有优缺点.实验性糖尿病动物模型价格低廉,可操作性强,并且在一定程度上符合人类糖尿病形成的病理过程,成为目前研究糖尿病的最主要动物模型,特别是STZ注射模型最为普遍;而基因敲除复制模型随着技术的发展,将有广阔的发展前景。

Diabetes Mellitus （DM） animal model is the foundation of the research on diabetic retinopathy （DR）. DR model which is based on DM model has provided a good pathologic model for diabetic retinopathy and plays an important role in the research of diabetic retinopathy. DM model has four kinds： induced by chemicals, spontaneous inheritance, surgical removal of part of the pancreas and transgene. Each method has its own relative merits and defects. Experimental DM model is cheap and has good maneuverability. To a certain extent, it is fit for the pathological process of human diabetes. Therefore it has become the principal animal model for diabetes research at present, especially STZ model, the most commonly used of all. On the other hand, tansgene model will have a broad prospect as technology progresses.