电力市场下需求响应研究综述

Survey of Demand Response Research in Deregulated Electricity Markets

需求响应(DR)是需求侧管理在竞争性电力市场中的发展。利用价格信号和激励机制,DR是保证系统安全可靠和经济运行的重要措施。总结国内外开展的DR研究与实践,对电力市场下的DR进行了归类研究,包括基于价格和基于激励的DR分类。对各个子类,着重论述了DR的2个关键问题:DR的实施机制和DR对系统的影响。分析了实施DR的成本和效益,并在此基础上讨论了用户参与DR的决策过程。最后结合中国电力市场改革的情况,提出了开展DR的建议与设想,并探讨了进一步的研究方向。

Demand response （DR） is the expansion of demand side management （DSM） in competitive electricity markets. DR is an important measure to ensure system security and economy operation by using price signals and incentive mechanisms. Based on DR researches and experiences around the world, a comprehensive research on DR in electricity markets is conducted. DR programs in electricity markets are classified into two categories, i.e. price-based DR and incentive-based DR. Then detailed light is shed on two key problems, DR implementation mechanisms and impacts of DR on power systems. Furthermore, cost-benefit of implementing DR programs is analyzed, and decision process of customers participating in DR programs is thereon discussed. Suggestions and assumptions of developing DR are finally introduced in view of China＇s electricity markets reform, and several important problems which need to be further studied are proposed.