鼻内镜下空间垂直方向特征的研究

The characteristics of spatial vertical direction in the nasal endoscope view

目的探讨鼻内镜下空间垂直方向的位置特征,为手术操作提供指导。方法设计一种理想鼻腔的模型,通过Sketch-Up软件模拟鼻内镜下仰角30°和45°的空间,垂直方向上任意画10条垂直线(分布在视垂线的同侧且不同的平面内),标记为Ln(n=1～10),在空间内任选一点作垂直线,标记为b线。仰角30°,在视野内显示器平面上标记b线所在的位置为A1B1;改变进镜距离或平移内镜观察Ln与A1B1的位置关系;仰角45°,当b线过A1点时,在显示器平面上标记b线所在的位置为A1B2,改变进镜距离或平移内镜观察Ln与A1B2的位置关系;观察A1B1与A1B2的位置关系。结果仰角30°时,改变进镜距离或平移内镜可观察到Ln与A1B1的位置重合;仰角45°时,改变进镜距离或平移内镜可观察到Ln与A1B2的位置重合;而A1B1与A1B2的位置不重合。结论鼻内镜下空间垂直方向与内镜的仰角相关,与进镜距离改变和内镜平行移动无关,在显示器平面上的相应位置具有惟一性。这一规律的发现对指导鼻内镜下的手术操作具有重要意义。

Objective To observe the characteristics of the spatial vertical direction in the view of 0° endoscope with the elevation angle （between the endoscope and nasal bottom） unchanged, and to provide the basis for operations. Methods The ideal model of nasal cavity was designed and observed with the 0° rod-lens telescope. Space of the model in the visual field of endoscope with 30° or 45°elevation angle produced was simulated by SketehUp software Then ten lines （perpendicular to the horizontal planes, distributed in different plane and in the same side of the visual vertical line） were drawn randomly and named as Ln （n=1-10） respectively. A point was randomly seleeted and a vertical line was drawn and assigned as b line The position of b line in the visual view of endoscope with a 30° elevation angle was named as A1B1. The relationship of positions of Ln with A1B1 were observed when the distances of endoscope entering the model were changed and the endoscope was moved parallelly. When the point A1 was on the b line in visual view of endoscope with 45° elevation angle, the position of b line was named for A1B2. The relationship of positions of Ln with A1B2 were observed when the distanees of endoscope entering the model were changed and the endoscope was moved parallelly. The position of A1 B1 was compared with A1B2 Results When the distanees of endoscope entering the model were changed and the endoscope was moved parallelly, the superposition of Ln with A1B1 and A1B2 could be observed in visual view with 30° and 45° endoscopic elevation angle The positions of A1B1 and A1B2 were not in superimposition Conclusion The spatial vertical directions in the view of the endoscope are correlated with the elevation angle but not correlated with the distance of endoscope entering the model and parallel movements of the endoscope. This finding may be helpful for the endoscopic operations.