薯蓣属植物人工杂交后代的检测

Identification of hybrid generation among Dioscorea L. species

以湖北武当山的盾叶薯蓣(Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright)为主要亲本,与重庆金佛山的盾叶薯蓣、小花盾叶薯蓣(D.parviflora C.T.Ting)及黄独(D.bulbifera L.)进行种内和种间杂交,并获得部分杂交组合的F1代植株。将F0代种子与F1代植株进行结实率及种子萌发率比较,并与亲本进行过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和酯酶(EST)同工酶比较。结果表明,不同亲本及其杂交后代的结实率、种子萌发率和实生苗存活率均存在明显差异;亲本和F1代的同工酶酶谱较丰富,部分杂种与亲本的相似度较高,并出现各自的特征酶带。运用同工酶技术可以鉴别杂种的真伪。

Intraspecific and interspecific hybridizations between Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright from Wudangshan of Hubei Province and D. zingiberensis from Jinfoshan of Chongqing , D. parviflora C. T. Ting and D. bulbifera L. were undertaken. Plants of F1 hybrid were generated from some crosses. F0 seeds and F1 hybrid plants were compared with their parents in setting percentage and seed germination rate. And POD, SOD and EST isozyme zymograms of F1 hybrids and their parents were compared, too. The results showed that setting percentage, seed germination rate and seedling survival rate had significant difference among different parents and their F1 hybrids. The band number of isozyme zymograms of parents and their F1 hybrids were abundant, and isozyme zymograms of some hybrids had more similarity to those of parents, meanwhile some F1 hybrids had their own characteristic bands. It is suggested that the isozyme technique can be apply to identify F1 hybrid plants and eliminate pseudo hybrid plants.