酶法提取山药中多糖的工艺研究

Study on enzyme-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Dioscorea opposita

目的:研究从山药中提取山药多糖的工艺条件,利用α-淀粉酶和超声提取山药多糖,通过考察不同因素对浸出率的影响规律并在此基础上运用正交实验选出优化的因素组合。方法:以山药多糖收率为指标,通过正交试验来优化α-淀粉酶液化的最佳条件,并研究酶超声提取联合提取的效果,以得出优化的最佳提取工艺。结果:α-淀粉酶作用的最佳条件为:55℃,pH5.5,加酶量10 mg,反应时间1.0 h,酶辅助浸提结束后,对体系进行超声处理5 min,多糖得率可达6.792 0%,较单独酶辅助提取提高了99.35%。结论:酶处理后采用超声提取可显著提高山药多糖得率。

Objective： To extract polysaccharides from Dioscorea opposita by a-amylase and ultrasound. Method： The optimum condition of enzyme-assisted extraction has been obtained through orthogonal test according to the yield of polysaccharides. Result： A higher yield of polysaccharides was achieved at 55℃, pH 5.5 , with a load of α-amylase 10 mg for 1.0 hour,the extraction rate was increased by in compare of sonolysis treatment alone. Conclusion ：To carry out an enzyme treatment before ultrasound -assisted extraction elevated the yield of polysaccharides.