高温负重行军对体温调节的影响及适宜负荷量的研究

STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS OF CHANGES ON BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION AND THE OPTIMAL BACK LOAD IN HOT ENVIRONMENT

本文研究了8名青年男士兵在35℃（DB）和29℃（WB）的高温环境下负重行军的体温和出汗量的变化特点。行军速度为4.5，5．0，6．0hm·h－1时，各组的直肠温度和出汗量的每小时增加率均随负荷量的增加呈非线性增加。在劳动中直肠温度能保持相对稳定状态，体温呈非线性“转折点”的相应负荷量分别约为体重的32％、23％和14％。结果表明，当负荷量的增加超过某一临界值时，劳动者的体温调节功能紧张度明显加重。提示，单兵的携行量以不超过生理反应的非线性“转折点”的负重量为宜。

The characteristics of changes in rectum temperature and sweating rate were studied for 8young male soldiers on a simulated march with back load on an ergometer in hot environment of35℃ (DB) and 29℃(WB). On the march speed of 4. 5, 5. 0 and 6. 0 km/h, the value increaseshowed a non-linear correlation with loads. The loads at 'breakpoints'of non-linear correlation andthe loads at steady rectum temperature during marching were about 32% , 23% and 14% of thebody weight respectively. These results showed that when the back load exceeded the 'breakpoint'values,physiological strain would increase dramatically. It also indicated that the optimal back loadshould not exceed the value of the non-linear 'breakpoint' of physiological response.