云南糯扎渡自然保护区自然森林群落物种多样性研究

Study on the Species Diversity of Natural Forest Communities in Nuozhadu Nature Reserve of Yunnan Province

利用绝对物种丰富度指数、Margalef相对物种丰富度指数、Shannon Wiener物种多样性指数、Pielou物种均匀度指数和Jaccard指数5个指数,对云南糯扎渡自然保护区的季节雨林、山地雨林、落叶季雨林、季风常绿阔叶林、半湿润常绿阔叶林、暖性落叶阔叶林、暖热性针叶林和热性竹林8种自然森林群落的物种多样性进行了测度。结果表明:在糯扎渡自然保护区的8种自然森林植被类型中,季节雨林是物种多样性最丰富的自然森林植被类型,热性竹林是物种多样性最不丰富的自然森林植被类型,其他6种自然森林植被类型介于二者之间;人为干扰是造成了糯扎渡自然保护区一些自然森林植被类型(如山地雨林、季风常绿阔叶林等)物种多样性下降的诱因;各种自然森林植被类型之间具有较大的生境差异性,即糯扎渡自然保护区具有较高的生境多样性。

The species diversities of 8 natural forest communities （seasonal rainforest, mountain rainforest, deciduous monsoon rainforest, monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest, semi-humid evergreen broadleaf forest,warm deciduous broadleaf forest,warm coniferous forest and hot bamboo forest ）were measured by 5 indices （absolute species richness index, Margalef relative species richness index, Shannon-Wiener species diversity index, Pielou species evenness index and Jaccard index）. The results showed that among 8 natural forest vegetation types in Nuozhadu nature reserve, seasonal rainforest was the natural forest vegetation type with richest species diversity,hot bamboo forest was the natural forest vegetation type with poorest species diversity, and the other 6 natural forest vegetation types were between them. The human disturbance was the inducement causing the species diversities of some natural forest vegetation types （e.g. mountain rainforest, monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest etc. ）in Nuozhadu nature reserve to decrease. There was bigger habitat difference among various natural forest vegetation types, meaning that Nuozhadu nature reserve had higher habitat diversity.