新疆小麦黑胚病主要病原菌的室内药效试验

Indoor Efficacy Experiment on the Main Pathogens of Wheat Black Point in Xinjiang

[目的]为防治新疆小麦黑胚病提供理论依据。[方法]采取纸碟法,选择爱苗、世高和适乐时等市场常见农药,对新疆小麦黑胚病主要病原菌小麦根腐离蠕孢和细链格孢进行室内药效测定。[结果]小麦根腐离蠕孢和细链格孢在放有爱苗、适乐时、烯唑醇和世高的平板上生长均受到不同程度的抑制,在放有三唑酮、阿米西达、甲基硫菌灵、代森锰锌和多菌灵.硫磺的平板上基本不受抑制。供试农药对小麦根腐离蠕孢的抑菌效果顺序为1 000倍爱苗>4 000倍世高>1 000倍适乐时>1 000倍烯唑醇,对细链格孢的为1 000倍爱苗>3 000倍世高>1 000倍适乐时>2 500倍烯唑醇。爱苗1 000倍液在2种病原菌平板上的平均抑菌圈直径最大。[结论]爱苗、世高和适乐时对小麦黑胚病的2种主要病原菌均有良好的抑制效果。综合考虑,10%世高水分散粒剂是生产中防治小麦黑胚病的理想药剂。

[Objective] The study aimed to provide theoretical basis for controlliug wheat black point in Xinjiang. [Method] Using paper plate method, usual market pesticides of Aimiao, Shigao and Shileshi etc were selected to conduct indoor efficacy determination on the main pathogens Biplaris sorokiniana and Alternaria tenuis of wheat black point in Xinjiang. [ Result ] The growths of B. sorokiniana and A. tenuis got inhibition to different degrees on the flat plates with Aimiao, Shileshi, diniconazole and Shigao, and got no inhibition basically on the flat plates with triazolone, azoxystrobin, thiophanate-methyl, mancozeb and carbendazim plus sulfur. The bacteriostatic effects of tested pesticides on B. sorokiniana in order was Aimiao diluted to 1 000 times 〉 Shigao diluted for 4 000 times 〉 Shileshi diluted tol 000 times 〉 diniconazole diluted to 1 000 times and that on A. tenuis was Aimiao diluted to 1 000 times 〉 Shigao diluted to 3 000 times 〉 Shileshi diluted to 1 000 times 〉 diniconazole diluted to 2 500 times.The diameters of average bacteriostatic circles of Aimiao diluted to 1 000 times on the flat plates with 2 kinds of pathogens were biggest. [ Conclusion ] Aimiao, Shigao and Shileshi had good inhibition effects on 2 kinds of main pathogens of wheat black point. Considering comprehensively, 10% Shigao water dispersible granules was the perfect pesticide for controlling wheat black point in production.