综采工煤工尘肺患病及预防的研究

Prevalence of CPW in fully mechanized face workers and its prevention.

通过对某煤矿２９５名综采工与同期１８４名普采工、８４名炮采工１８年对照观察，煤工尘肺累积患病率分别为５５‰、４９．２‰、２８４．６‰，三者比较差别不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），但都已超过国内连续工作３０年患病率控制在１０‰以下的目标。综采工中的采煤司机、放顶煤工、支架工、清理工、进回风巷支护工是重点保护人群，采煤机、放顶煤、支架是重点防降尘作业。采取下列三项措施可有效控制综采工煤工尘肺患病：①采煤前先行浅壁煤层注水，采煤时抑尘器喷雾。②工人佩戴防尘口罩。

295 cases from coalmine fully mechanized face,184 cases from mechanized face and 84 cases from blasting face had been comparatively observed for 18 years.The accumulative prevalent rate was shown to be 55‰,49.2‰,284.6‰ respectively with no obvious difference( P >0.05),but all had been higher than the national control rate 10‰ for 30 years sucessive working.Among fully mechanized face workers shearer drivers,roof blasting workers,prop setting workers,cleaning workers and pit prop recovery workers should be regarded as key protective population.The work sites of shearer,roof blasting and prop setting should be regarded as priorities for dust control.CPW prevalence from fully mechanized face workers could be effectively controlled by following three measures:①Wetting the coal bed before mining,water spraying while mining with dust suppressor.②Face workers should wear dust mask.③Periodical exchange of worksite between mining face and ventilation drift.