m-s-m-s-m型三联新型季铵盐表面活性剂的合成与性能测定

Synthesis and Properties of New m-s-m-s-m Trimeric-type Ammonium Salts Cationic Surfactants

Gemini新型表面活性剂是当今科学研究的热点。本研究采用二乙烯三胺与甲醛、甲酸进行甲基化反应合成了中间体五甲基二乙烯三胺,并通过红外光谱分析及电位滴定法分析测定其纯度。然后,在碳酸钠的催化作用下,与溴代十二烷在乙醇体系中发生季铵化反应生成最终产物m-s-m-s-m型三联新型季铵盐表面活性剂。在此基础上,通过单因素实验考察了原料摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对反应产率的影响。最后确定最佳摩尔比为溴代十二烷过量5%～10%、最佳温度为87℃、最佳反应时间为5 h。最后对提纯后产品的最低胶束浓度(cmc)、γcmc、克拉夫(Krafft)、熔点等性能进行了测定。

The researches of gemini new surfactants is a hot spot of modem science, and it has been uscd in wide ranges and has high business and social value. Firstly, the experiment used dicthylen ctriaminc and formaldehyde and formic acid to synthesis the intermediate of pentametheyl diethylenetriam- -ine, then through the Infrared spcctroscopic analysis and the potentiome- -tric titration analysis to confirm its purity. Secondly, the experiment chose pentametheyl diethylenetriamine, under the catalyst of sodium carbo- -nate. with l-Bromododecane in a ethyl alcohol system having Quaternary Ammonium reaction to gained final product New m-s-m-s-m Trimeric-type Ammon- -ium Salts Cationic Surfactants. The key factors including the reaction temperature, the ratio between the low materials, and the period of reaction were all studied. Finally, to confirm that the best the ratio between the low materials was 1-Bromododecane overrate 5 %-10 %, the best temperature was 87 -C and the best the period of reaction was 5 h. Then determined the properties ofcmc, γcmc, Krafft, the melting point of the refined product.