常用定向方法综述及其比较

Introduction and Comparison of Usual Orientation Methods

该文对五种常用定向方法及原理,包括几何定向法、天文定向法、陀螺经纬仪定向法、磁定向法、GPS双天线定向法,进行了综述。在此基础上,对它们进行了详细比较与分析,不仅阐述了不同方位间的转换关系,而且翔实列出了五种定向方法的优缺点,并指出采用组合定向模式可以有效提高可靠性,更好地指导实践工作。

Five usual orientation methods and theories, including geometrical orientation method, astrometry orientation method, gyro-theodolite orientation method, magnetic orientation method and GPS double antenna orientation method are generally introduced in this paper. On the basis, they are compared and analyzed in detail. The transform relation of different azimuth is not only expatiated, but also the merits and disadvantages of five orientation methods are given. At the same time, the reliability could be enhanced greatly by adopting muhi-eombined orientation models, so that it may guide the practical work.