运城市农村地区HIV感染者／AIDS病人健康状况分析

Analysis of health status of HIV/AIDS patients in rural areas of Yuncheng city in Shanxi province

目的为了摸清运城市农村地区艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人的健康状况,为今后的关怀、治疗、管理工作提供科学依据。方法对477例HIV感染者/AIDS病人进行全面健康检查及相关化验检查,观察合并感染情况和治疗效果。结果477例HIV感染者/AIDS病人中,有1/5的人发生常见机会性感染症状,AIDS病人治疗后白细胞计数、血红蛋白、血小板均高于治疗前(P<0.05);男女性治疗后CD4+细胞明显高于治疗前(P<0.01),平均增长37.08%;病人均有不同程度的肝功能损害。HIV合并乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的占2.9%,合并丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)53.5%,同时合并HBV和HCV感染的占1.9%;有心电图改变者占20.3%;HIV/结核菌(TB)双重感染率为2.3%。结论运城市农村地区HIV感染者/AIDS病人健康状况较好,抗病毒治疗效果良好,今后要积极开展机会性感染或合并感染的预防和治疗。

Objective To understand health status of HIV/AIDS patients in rural areas of Yuncheng city so as to provide scientific evidence for HIV/AIDS care, treatment and management. Methods Comprehensive physical check-ups including medical, surgical and dermatological examinations and laboratory tests were performed for 477 HIV/AIDS patients to identify presence of opportunistic infections, liver function abnormalities and co-infections and compare peripherlal blood pictures and CD4 accounts before and after HAART. Results About one fifth of the patients had symptoms of opportunistic infections which were common to AIDS patients; The Wt3C, Hb and PTs in the AIDS group receiving HARRT were all higher than before the treatment（ P K 0.05）. All the treated patients had significantly higher CD4^＋ cell counts than before the-treatment（ P K 0.01）. The increasing rate of CD4^＋ cell counts was on average 37.08 %, suggesting a good therapeutic effect. Liver dysfunction was observed among nearly all patients. The infection rate was 2.9% for HBV,53.5% for HCV and 1.9% for co-infection of HBV and HCV.About 20.3% had changes in ECG, indicating that HIV did harm to the myocardial cells;About 2.3 % of the patients were co-infected with tuberculosis,which was lower than the figures provided by other reports, suggesting that the HAART was effective in the prevention of tuberculosis infection.Conclusions The physical and laboratory examinations suggest that the overall health status of local HIV/AIDS patients was relatively good. However, prevention of opportunistic infections or co-infections should be given serious attention in the future.