用发光细菌监测水质突发性污染

Monitoring Incident of Water Pollution Using Illuminescent Bacteria

介绍了用发光细菌检测水质污染的原理,发光细菌的培养和纯化及其分类,用发光细菌监测水质毒性的标准方法,及按抑光率对水质急性毒性的分类。用发光细菌检测某江水,其50%抑光率的水样体积EV50与江水的NH+4-N及Ames致突变试验的最小平均致突变剂量(水样体积)MADM呈显著的相关关系,与江水的CODCr及BOD5也有一定的相关关系。污染的地面水和水质较好的地面水抑光率差异显著,自来水脱氯后抑光率较低,只有3%左右。用发光细菌监测水质污染,具有快速、经济、准确、灵敏的特点,建议国内水厂建立用发光细菌监测水质突发性污染的制度。

The principle of monitoring water pollution using illuminescent bacteria, cultivation and purification of illuminescent bacteria, standard methods for monitoring water pollution using illuminescent bacteria and classification of acute toxicity of water quality were introduced in this paper. Using illuminescent bateria to examine a polluted river water, the volumes of water producing 50% inhibitory effect rates（EV50）significantly co-related with the minimal average dosages for mutation（water volumes）,MADM and NH^＋4-N concentrations in water, whereas co-related in some extent with CODCr and BOD5 of the water. There was significant difference between polluted and non-polluted surface water. The water pumping out of a water plant and tap water of a consumer gave a low average inhibitory effect rate of 3%around. Using illuminescent bateria to monitoring water pollution is a fast, non-expensive accurate and sensitive method. It was suggested that a system of monitoring incident of water pollution with illuminescent bacteria for water plants onght to he established.