老年慢性肾衰尿毒症患者血液透析的临床分析

Clinical Analysis on Hemodialysis in Elderly Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Uremia

目的:探讨老年人慢性肾衰尿毒症患者血液透析的特点和临床疗效。方法:前瞻性研究慢性肾衰尿毒症患者56例,其中老年组32例、非老年组24例,比较两组存活率、死亡原因及透析中并发症的发生率。结果:老年组慢性肾衰尿毒症患者1年、3年及5年存活率均明显低于非老年组(P<0.05);老年血液透析主要死亡原因是心血管病(占34.38%)和感染(占21.88%);透析中并发症的发生率明显高于非老年组(P<0.05),对血液透析的耐受性明显差于非老年组。结论:早期充分透析,加强个体化透析,增加营养物质的摄入,积极防治并发症,做好心理疏导,可提高老年慢性肾衰尿毒症患者血液透析的存活率和生存质量。

Objective： To evaluate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effects of the old patients with chronic renal failure uremia. Method： The clinical data of 56 cases were respectively analysed. The patients were divided into two groups ： the old group and non - old group. The survival rate, the death causes and the rate of dialysis complication were analyzed. Result： Compared with non＇ old group, the survival rates of the old group at 1.3 and 5 year were lower（ P 〈0.05 ）. The death causes were cardiovascular disease （ 34.38% ） and severe infections（21.88% ） ,and the rate of dialysis complication in the old group were higher than that of non - old group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The tolerarance of old people to hemodialysis was poor. Conclusion： We can improve the survival rate and quality of life by receiving hemodialysis early, reinforcing hemodialysis individually, receiving more nutrition, preventing and treating complications, doing psychological canalize of the old patients.