纺织工人噪声致聋年限的评估

EVALUATION ON THE TEXTILE WORKERS FIXED NUMBER OF NOISE INDUCED DEAFNESS YEARS.

本文对四个大中型纺织厂的织布和细纱车间从事噪声作业的工人，排除非噪声致聋者外，共检查１５５４人，３１０８耳的纯音听力，同时计算各车间历年来所测噪声的平均声级和测定其频谱特征，采用直线相关回归、协方差等统计学方法分析资料。结果各车间的噪声频谱特征差异对噪声聋罹患率的影响无统计学意义。噪声接触剂量与噪声聋罹患率之间存在着直线相关关系（ｒ＝０．９６）。从而提出不同程度的噪声聋的噪声接触剂量，为如何限制噪声作业工龄，防止噪声聋的发生提供科学依据。

The audition of 1554 spinners and weavers(3108 ears) have been investigated in 4 big and middle plants,excluded of other causes of deafness,and the average noise level of recent years was calculated and the frequency characteristics was measured.Methods of life table,linear correlation regression and analysis of covariance have been used in analysis of data.The results showed that there was no significant influence on the incidence of noise induced hearing impairment by the frequency of noise between spinning shop and weaving shop,but there was a dose response relationship between the incidence of noise induced hearing impairment and the dose of noise exposure( r =0 96).Then,in order to provide scientific evidence how to restrict the years of noise exposure to prevent the occurrence of noise induced deafness,we raised the dosage of noise exposure for the different degree of noise induced deafness.