现阶段我国分配起点的非公平性——基于“机会均等”标准的研究

Unfairness of Start of Present Distribution in China——Based on "Equal Opportunity" Standard

分配链条分为起点、过程和结果等环节,分配的非公平性也相应地体现在这三环之中,分配起点的公平与否是整个分配链条是否公平的基础。从理论上分析,起点公平的标准应该是人们获取收入的"机会均等"。基于该标准对现阶段我国分配起点的"非公平性"进行系统分析,发现城乡、不同地区和行业以及同一经济社会结构内部等领域的非公平性十分突出。对此,现阶段必须关注分配起点非公平,采取相应措施以逐步消除起点的非公平。

The distribution chain is divided into three links, i.e. start, process and end, in which the unfairness is accordingly represented. Unfairness at the start is a base to decide whether the whole chain is fair or not. Theoretically, the standard of fair start should be equal opportunity for people to get income. Based on this, the paper systematically analyzes the unfairness at the start of distribution, and finds that there is outstanding unfairness in cities and towns, different regions and lines, even all inner areas in a same economic structure. Therefore, presently, unfairness at the start of distribution should be concerned and measures should be taken to gradually eliminate this phenomenon.