上海市郊区健康人群水痘抗体水平调查

Analysis on varicella immunity of healthy people in the suburbs of Shanghai

目的调查了解上海市健康人群中水痘抗体水平，探讨水痘的免疫策略及相关免疫程序，为水痘的控制消除提供基础。方法采集上海市宝山区及南汇区本市健康人群血样本270份，采用定量ELISA测定水痘IgG抗体，同时调查水痘疫苗的接种史。结果本次调查健康人群水痘抗体几何平均滴度（GMT）为89．15，平均阳性率为56．54％。8月龄～2岁组GMT和阳性率最低，分别为11．42％、17．28％。随着年龄的上升，GMT、阳性率有上升的趋势（r=0．44，P〈0．01），7～8岁年龄组有个很明显的峰值，GMT达205．72，而9～14岁年龄组有个很明显的谷值，GMT为40．31，30～40岁大年龄组GMT最高达356．96，阳性率达100％。各年龄组间抗体水平及抗体阳性率的差异有统计学意义（F=16．52，P〈0．01；z0=79．33，P〈0．01）。结论为有效控制水痘传播，建议提升人群对接种水痘疫苗的知晓率，制定合适的免疫接种策略，提高疫苗接种率，在9～14岁抗体低谷人群中增加一剂疫苗的接种。

Objective To study the varieella immunity of healthy people in the suburbs of Shanghai and provide evidence for strategies and measures of varicella prevention and control. Method 270 serum samples horn the native of Shanghai were tested for varicella IgG antibodies by quantitative ELISA. Data on varicella immunity were collected. Results The average positive rate of varicella antibodies were 56.54%, with GMT level of 89.15. There showed significant differences between each age group in abere index （F=16.52, P〈0.01 ; X^2=79.33, P〈0.01）. The rate of varicella antibody and GMT were elevated with the year passing（r=0.44,P〈0.01）. The lowest rate was in infants aged 8 months-2 years old,with only 17.28% being positive and GMT level was 11.42. And the highest rate was in adults aged 30-40 years, with 100% being positive and GMT level was 356.96. There came fluctuated in children aged 7 - 14 years, with distinct peak GMT level of 205.72 in children aged 7 - 8 years and relatively low GMT level of 40.31 in children aged 9 - 14 years. Conclusions To control varicella, further research is needed to develop strategy on how to enhance varicella immunity of children, we should let parents know more about varicella vaccine, constitute proper immunization programme, and raise the inoculation rate. It is suggested that inoculation among those aged 9-14 years should add another dose inoculation.