第二语言测试研究的新趋势

New Trends in the Second Language Testing Research

本文根据美国《教育测量》第四版中《第二语言测试的历史及发展趋势》一文，对第二语言测试的发展趋势做了简要介绍。该文提出，长期以来第二语言能力一般被认为是一个人稳定的特质（或构念），测量时是不变的。而新的观点认为，在测量第二语言能力时语境起了非常关键的作用。因此，研究者们应该考察语境和构念的关系，将构念重新界定为语境中的语言使用者的能力。

Based on ＂Old, Borrowed and New Thou ghts in Second Language Testing＂ in ＂Educational Measurement＂ （the fourth edition）, this paper made a brief introduction to the new trends in the second language testing. In the above mentioned paper, for quite a long time, the second language competence has been regarded as a stable trait （construct）, and it could not change when being measured. New ideas suggested that, context plays a very critical role in measuring the second language ability. Therefore, researchers should take account of the relations between context and construct, and the construct shall be the ability in language user in context.