美国城市公共安全应急体系建设方法研究

Research on the Construction of City Emergency Response System of the United States

全面紧急事态管理是美国公共安全管理中最基本的原则,包括全危险方法、综合紧急事态管理系统、紧急事态管理的生命周期、对各级政府及组织紧急救援资源的统一调配。美国国土安全部确定了了解、防止、保护、应对、恢复、服务和组织品质七大安全战略目标。美国联邦紧急事务管理局除制订全国防灾计划外,还制订可持续减灾计划和应急反应计划。社区应急反应小组是美国重要的市民组织队伍。

All-round emergency management is the basic rule of American public security management, including all- hazards approach, integrated emergency management system, emergency lifecycle, and general configuration of different level government and emergency rescue resource. United States Department of Homeland Security sets seven overall aims： awareness, prevention, protection, response, recovery, service, and organization excellence. Besides National Disaster Prevention Plan, Federal Emergency Management Agency also makes sustainable Hazards Mitigation Plan and Emergency Response Plan. Community Emergency Response Team is the important civil team in the United States.