中国与俄罗斯职业结构变迁研究

Study on Structural Changes of Occupation of China and Russia

从资源继替关联和生活面向的角度分析职业结构变迁具有一定的学理意义。中国与俄罗斯的社会转型都起始于20世纪80年代前后,在转型之初政治与经济集中管理的权力格局从结构上说具有内在的同一性或相似性,这就赋予了职业结构变迁比较研究的前提。资源继替关联在两国表现出了一定的相似性,而生活面向对于中国的正面促进作用明显大于俄罗斯。俄罗斯的内向型生活面向决定了其职业结构变迁的突变性与不确定性,而中国人的外向型生活面向决定了其职业结构变迁的渐进性、自主性与可预测性。

Analyzing the structural changes of occupation of China and Russia from the aspect of correlation of resource renewal and life facing is academically significant. Both of the two countries began their social transaction from around 1980, and structurally, they had some internal identities and similarities of the power pattern of the political and economic centralized administration at the beginning of the transaction. These are the presumptions of the comparative analysis of structural changes of the occupation. As for the resource renewal, the two countries show certain similarities, but as for the life facing, it obviously more strongly promoted China. The Russian＇ s domestic life facing makes its structural changes of occupation become sudden and uncertain, whereas the Chinese external life facing makes its structural changes of occupation become gradual and predictable.