6个地区青海湖裸鲤肌肉营养成分分析

Analysis of Muscle Nutritional Components of Gymnocypris przewalskii in Six Regions

采用常规生化分析方法,测定青海湖6个不同地区的青海湖裸鲤（Gymnocypris przew alskii）肌肉主要营养成分,对其营养价值进行评价。结果表明,淡水青海湖裸鲤肌肉中脂肪含量显著大于（P〈0.05）其他5个地区,蛋白含量显著大于（P〈0.05）黑马河青海湖裸鲤肌肉的蛋白含量,6个地区青海湖裸鲤肌肉营养成分存在一定的地区差异。总体上,青海湖裸鲤肌肉（鲜样）中粗蛋白含量为17.26%-18.87%;粗脂肪含量为1.51%-3.37%;灰分含量为1.42%-1.61%;18种氨基酸总量15.48%-17.16%,其中除色氨酸外7种人体必需氨基酸总量6.38%-7.05%,4种鲜味氨基酸总量5.82%-6.49%。青海湖裸鲤肌肉中蛋白质含量较高,氨基酸种类齐全,必需氨基酸与鲜味氨基酸含量较高,尤其是淡水青海湖裸鲤品质更佳,淡水的生态环境可能更适合青海湖裸鲤的生长。

The muscle nutritional composition of Gymnocypris przewalskii was measured by conventional biochemistry methods.The result indicated that the content of fat in the muscle of G.przewalskii was significant（P〈0.05）higher in Dan-shui area than in the other five ones;the protein content was also much higher in Dan-shui area than in Hei-ma area（P〈0.05）.So it was concluded that there were some differences in nutritional components of G.przewalskii in different regions.As a whole,the contents of protein,fat and ash were 17.26%-18.87%,1.51%-3.37% and 1.42%-1.61% respectively.And the content of total amino acids was from 15.48% to 17.16%.The ratios of essential amino acids were 6.38%-7.05%,and delicious amino acids were 5.82%-6.49%.The contents of protein,essential amino acids and delicious amino acids were obviously high in G.przewalskii muscle.The quality of G.przewalskii in Dan-shui was the best among the five areas,which may be attributed to its growth environment.