不同耕作方式对冬种马铃薯产量和品质的影响

Effects of different cultivation models on yield and quality of winter-planting potato

以冬种马铃薯品种早大白为试验材料,进行冬马铃薯5种不同栽培方式的比较试验,探讨不同栽培方式对其产量和品质等的影响。结果表明:传统耕作方式的出苗率最高;不同处理中以少耕覆盖稻草8cm的总产量和单株产量最高,商品薯率以免耕覆盖稻草8cm的最高。此外,不同耕作方式对马铃薯总糖、蛋白质含量的影响较大,而对还原糖、淀粉含量的影响不明显,其中以传统栽培和免耕覆盖稻草(8cm)后盖普通地膜的总糖、蛋白质含量较高。因此,生产上采用少耕或免耕稻草覆盖栽培方式,可提高马铃薯的产量和商品性。

In the experiment, winter-planting potato variety Zaodabai was used to compare the effects of five different cultivation models on the yield and quality. The results showed that for all treatments, the emergence rate of conventional model was the highest, the total yield and yield of per plant of micro-tillage with 8 cm-thick of rice straw covering was the highest, and the commodity rate of potato for no-tillage with 8 cm-thick of rice straw covering was the highest. Moreover, all treatments had obvious effects on the total sugar and protein content, but had little effect on the reducing sugar and starch content. In all treatments, the total sugar and protein content for conventional cultivation and no-tillage with 8 cmthick of rice straw and common plastic film covering were high. Therefore, applying micrc-tillage or no-tillage with rice straw mulch model could increase the yield and commodity rate of potato in production.