闽侯县孔源村2005/2006年度冬季低温考察和适地果树树种的选择

Investigation of Low Temperature in Kongyuan Village of Minhou County in Winter of 2005/2006 and Selection of Appropriate Fruit Trees

据对闽侯县孔源村2005/2006年度冬季低温考察资料分析，对于相对高差为60m的小山坡，晴天最低气温随高度的增加而增加，越近坡顶，最低气温越高；对相对高差为86m的小山坡，在相对坡位为0.86的山坡中上部，晴天最低气温常出现最高，逆温最明显。孔源村四周被群山环抱，仅西南面有一狭小的出口，冷空气易进难出，最低气温偏低。山坡地逆温仅体现同一山坡不同坡位之间最低气温的差别，尽管所考察的两个山坡最大的逆温差达到2.6℃，但所考察的14个点最低气温都比闽侯县气象局低，故在果树建园选择园址时，不要过分夸大坡地逆温的作用。据考察的资料分析，孔源村可选下部较开阔、坡位为0.6-1、海拔约140-180m处适当种植橄榄树；山坡的下部和坡底海拔高度低于80m的山间垄田洼地可种植宽皮桔，其它坡位以种植甜橙为好。

An investigation of low temperature was made in Kongyuan village of Minhou County, Fujian Province, in winter 2005/2006. The maximum low temperature in clear days increased as the altitude of hills increased for the hills with the relative altitude difference about 60m. The closer to the top of hills, the higher the maximum low temperature was. The highest maximum low temperature in clear days was observed in the middle or upper parts of the hills for the hills with the relative altitude difference about 86m. Kongyuan village was encircled by hills. There was only a narrow exit on the southwest of the village, where the cold air was easy to enter and hard to go out. Therefore, the maximum low temperature was relative low. The inversion in sloping fields reflected the differences of the maximum low temperature among the locations of different slopes for same hill. The biggest inversion difference of two hills was observed by 2.6℃. However, the inversion should not be magnified in the selection of the orchard to be built. It was feasible to grow olive trees in hills with altitude in 140 to 180m and sloping ratio from 0.6 to 1. Terraces in the bottom of hills with altitude below 80m were suitable for tangerine growing, while the sweet orange was appropriate to grow in sloping fields.