秋水仙素诱导樱桃矮化砧木‘吉塞拉6号’获得六倍体再生植株

Regeneration of Hexaploid Plants of Cherry Dwarf Rootstock‘Gisela 6’from in Vitro Leaves Treated with Colchicine

以三倍体樱桃矮化砧木‘吉塞拉6号’(Prunusceransus×P.canescens)的离体叶片为外植体,采用秋水仙素诱导处理再生出六倍体植株。将外植体首先在加有秋水仙素(50mg·L-1)、生长素(IBA0·5mg·L-1)和细胞分裂素(BA5·0mg·L-1)的改良WPM液体培养基中培养5d,再转移到不含秋水仙素(其它成分相同)的固体培养基上继续培养56d,再生出形态变异明显的新梢。采用流式细胞仪鉴定染色体倍性,确定其为六倍体新梢。六倍体植株与三倍体的‘吉塞拉6号’植株形态学上有明显差异。六倍体的试管苗已在大田移栽成活,并已成功高接在甜樱桃大树上。

An in vitro shoot regeneration technique combined with colchicine application has been employed to produce hexaploid plants from leaf segments of the triploid cherry rootstock ‘ Gisela 6＇ （ Prunus ceransus × P. canescens ）. Leaf segments were treated firstly with colchicine （ 0 - 200 mg · L^-1 ） in the liquid modified WPM medium supplemented with auxin （ IBA 0. 5 mg · L^-1 ） and cytokinin （ BA 5.0 mg · L^-1 ） for five days and then transferred on the same regeneration solid medium with no colchicine for 56 days. In this case, putative hexaploid shoots were only regenerated from the leaf explants in the treatment of 50 mg ·L^-1 colchicine after 8 weeks on the regeneration medium. Flow cytometry was used for ploidy determination. The hexaploid plants were distinguishable from the triploid on morphological characters. All plants were successfully transplanted into field and topworked on the sweet cherry trees to evaluate its agronomic traits.