5个玉米自交系数量遗传分析

Genetic Analysis on Combining Ability of Five Inbred Lines

选用5个玉米优良自交系按双列杂交设计,对其株高、穗位高、茎粗等7个主要性状进行遗传分析。结果表明:各个性状广义遗传力达到29%以上,其中穗长的遗传力最大,达到59%;在杂种优势率方面,Suwan3×Suwan1、Suwan3×下层云优78、NS1×下层云优78、台南17×Suwan1、台南17×下层云优78组合较好,其中Suwan3×下层云优78、台南17×下层云优782个组合鲜重的中亲优势率均为正值,最高达13.05%,其超亲优势率分别为4.86%和3.12%;在配合力方面,穗长一般配合力并不显著,而特殊配合力却达到极显著水平,表现出较强的非加性效应。可见,5个自交系的遗传力均达到中等及以上强度,下层云优78、Suwan1表现出较高的遗传力,在育种中具有一定的利用价值。

The five inbred lines are designed with diallel cross. Which agronomic character, including plant height, ear height, stem diameter, ear length, ear diameter, ear lines, weight per ear （Fresh） were collected to analysis their genetic ability, general combining ability and special ability. The results showed that all agronomic character genetic ability were higher than 29%, and the ear length was the highest, attaining 59%. For the heterosis, the combing Suwan3×Suwanl, Suwan3×Xiacengyunyou78, NS1×Xiacengyunyou78, Tainan17× Suwanl and Tainan17×Xiacengyunyou78 are much better than others, and the mid-parent heterosis data of fresh weigh for Suwan3 ×Xiacengyunyou78, Tainan17 ×Xiacengyunyou78 two combinings are positive, the highest was 13.05%. While their excess -parent heterosis data were 4.86%, 3.12% respectively. For the combining ability, the general combining ability was not remarkable, but the special combining ability was than others, which have some certain utilizations for breeding.