基于FPGA的运动控制卡的设计和实现

Design and realization of motion-controlling-card based on FPGA

基于FPGA的运动控制卡采用脉冲加方向的闭环控制方式,具有结构简单,集成度高、实时性好等优点。从硬件的构成、设计和算法实现等方面入手,阐述了运动控制卡的设计和开发。用硬件描述语言VHDL(very high speed integrated circuitHDL)和原理图结合的方式对FPGA编程实现系统的主要硬件逻辑和算法,从而提高了系统的灵活性和移植性。在硬件算法上,采用乒乓操作处理高速的分频倍数数据流,提高了系统的实时性和控制精度;并且提出了一种基于加二计数器的分频算法,实现任意分频倍数的分频。利用嵌入式调试工具SignalTap对运动控制卡进行硬件调试和仿真,给出了相应的误差分析。

A motion-controlling-card based on FPGA is designed, which controls motor running by outputting different frequency pulses and directions. The perfect factors are simple-structure and perfect real-time quality. The problems about hardware structure, design and arithmetic are discussed and resolved. The motion controlling card system＇s main hardware and logic circuit are implemented by programming the FPGA chip in VHDL and schematic diagrams. The flexibility and portability are enhanced. In the aspect of hardware arithmetic, high-speed data stream is managed to enhance the system＇s precision in the way of PingPang operating. A frequency division arithmetic based on adding two per clock counter is given. It can divide frequency at any division factor. The motion controlling card is debugged and simulated with the embedded tool SignalTap. And then, the analysis result about error is given.