铁道车辆板梁结构多方案对比分析

Multi-plans Contrast Analysis of Composite Structure of Plate and Beam of Railway Vehicle

为合理处理铁道车辆车体上的板梁组合结构,解决车体结构分析中典型的板梁偏心连接问题,构建了偏心节点的节点位移关系式,利用APDL语言实现了批量约束方程的施加;并根据ANSYS软件中梁单元、板单元、实体单元的基本特征构造了5种板梁组合结构模型,对它们进行了有限元分析及对比。研究结果表明:对于同一典型的板梁结构,用板梁偏心组合建模(单点约束)方案得到的模型与用实体建模方案得到的模型有限元分析结果比较接近,用全板壳建模的两种方案均相对实体单元模型约束稍强,而用板梁偏心组合建模(双点约束)方案得到的模型则约束过强;同时采用板梁组合建模的模型单元数和节点数相对较少,可以节省计算机时,降低计算费用。

In order to deal with the composite structures reasonably and solve the eccentric connection problem of plate and beam in the structural analysis of vehicle, nodal displacement relation equations of eccentric nodes were set up, large numbers of constraint equations were exerted based on APDL; five types of composite structural models were constructed according to the essential character of element beam, plate and solid, and do some finite element analysis and comparison about them. Analysis result shows that the result of single point constraint eccentric composite structural model is close to the result of solid model, the two results of plate models are larger than solid model, but the result of two points constraint eccentric composite structural model is the largest.And composite structural model of plate and beam has the least number of elements and nodes, which can save machine time and reduce computation expense.