日本高等教育认证评估模式

Pattern of Japan's Higher Education Accreditation

日本高等教育外部评估,起步较晚,但它的发展速度快,科学化、规范化程度高,现已通过法律、法规予以保障。日本高等教育外部评估属于一种认证式评估,也称之为目标管理式评估。其制度内容主要有三:一是校方的中期发展目标必须经文部科学省认可;二是评估机构必须经政府认证;三是被评估方,即作为一种义务所有院校必须参评,这样就使外部评估制度进一步规范化,科学化。日本高等教育认证评估基于尊重学校个性、特色、特别是学校向社会说明自身责任的原则,制定了评估指标,形成了一个较为完整的体系。

External accreditation of higher education has been both the principal aspect in higher education reform and the demand of social development. Because of the differences in the tempos of external accreditation development and national conditions, ways and patterns of higher education accreditation vary from country to country. As in China, external accreditation of higher education started quite late in Japan, but it has rapidly progressed with a high standard and is now guaranteed by laws. This article attempts to help devise an external higher education accreditation system in China by using the experience of Japan for reference.