施硫对两种品质类型小麦光合物质积累与转运的影响

Effects of sulfur application on accumulation and transportation of photoassimilate of two winter wheat cultivars with different gluten

以豫麦34和豫麦50两个品质类型的冬小麦品种为材料,研究了不同施硫水平对其光合物质积累与转运和产量的影响。结果表明,施硫可以提高豫麦34花后20 d内旗叶叶绿素含量和灌浆中后期的净光合速率,同时提高了豫麦50开花后的旗叶叶绿素含量和净光合速率。施硫处理不仅提高了两品种开花期营养器官干物质和氮素的积累量,并促进其向子粒的转运,使单茎子粒重和氮素积累量高于不施硫处理。施S 20 kg/hm2处理能明显提高两品种子粒产量,豫麦34和豫麦50分别比对照增产10.69%和9.78%,同时显著地提高了子粒蛋白质和淀粉含量。施S 100 kg/hm2处理的效果小于低量施硫(S 20 kg/hm2)处理。

Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of sulfur application on accumulation and transportation of photoassimilation, and grain yield, protein and starch contents, using two winter wheat cultivars with different grain protein contents, i.e. Yumai 34 （high protein） and Yurnai 50（low protein）. The results indicated that compared with no sulfur application treatment（ S0）, flag leaf＇s chlorophyll （Chl） content of Yumai 34 was increased within 20 days after anthesis by sulfur applications, and flag leaf＇ s net photosynthesis （Pn） was increased at 25 day after anthesis. Flag leaf＇ s chlorophyll （Chl） and net photosynthesis （Pn） of Yumai 50 in all the treatments with sulfur application were higher than control （S0） after anthesis. The dry matter and nitrogen content in vegetative organs of both cultivars before anthesis were increased by sulfur applications, and their transportation ratio （TR） and movement ratio （MR） were increased too. Finally, compared with no sulfur application treatment （S0）, grain weight and grain nitrogen accumulation of single stem in sulfur application treatments were increased at maturity stage. Compared with SO, the yield components of both cultivars with the treatment of 20 kg/ha sulfur application were increased, and grain yield was significantly increased by 10.69% and 9.78%, respectively. Meanwhile, protein and starch contents were significantly increased. The effect of high rate of sulfur application （S 100 kg/ha） treatment was inferior to low rate sulfur application （S 20 kg/ha） treatment.