不同吊顶材料对燃烧室内和狭长走廊中烟气危害性的影响

On the influence of ceiling materials in a burning compartment or a long passage on the seriousness of smoking hazards

选取建筑用材中几种常用的吊顶材料,研究火源以及火势迁移等因素对狭长走廊中烟气危害性的影响。试验在小尺寸实验台上进行,研究了采用不同吊顶材料时燃烧室和走廊中烟气的体积分数峰值、峰宽时间及到达峰值的时间,揭示了烟气的危害程度。试验表明,不同吊顶材料对火灾中烟气的危害性有明显影响。复合板吊顶材料能够显著增加烟气体积分数峰值并缩短到达峰值的时间,其烟气体积分数峰值约为单纯钢板吊顶情况下的两倍。PVC吊顶材料在同样火灾载荷下的塌落倾向最明显。

This paper is focused on the study of the effects of the ceiling materials commonly used in building a compartment or a long hall-way on the seriousness of smoking hazards in a fire accident, including the effects of the fire origin as well as factors of fire movement or spreading. For our research purpose, we have done some limitedscale experiments with a typical L-shape architecture with a burning room and an adjacent hall-way. Then, a series of tests have been done to test the smoking residence time, with its focus on testing the bulk fraction peak and the bulk fraction strength that may lead to such a dangerous rate as well as the functions of the type of ceiling. In ad- dition, we have also described the smoking residence time, that is, the most important factor concerning smoke toxicity, by using wavelength as a novel concept, in such papers. Furthermore, it is worthwhile emphasizing that the PVC ceiling is likely to exhibit a phenomenon of collapse that may take place during the fire-spreading stage.