从语域理论看外贸英语信函的文体特征

The Analysis of the Stylistic Features of Business English Correspondence in Terms of Register Theory

语域是指在特定的语言环境中使用的、有一定的语言特征的语言变体。韩礼德认为语域由语场、语旨和语式三方面的因素决定。外贸英语信函是一种语言变体,其使用的情景因素,即语场、语旨和语式,决定了其文体特点。不论在词汇上,还是在句法上,外贸英语信函都表现出独特的文体特征。在词汇上,外贸英语信函频繁使用专业术语、礼貌词语、情态动词、大词和古体词语;在句法上,外贸英语信函常用复杂句、长句和被动语态。

Register refers to a language variation used in a specific situation that shows special linguistic features. Halliday argues that the features of a register are determined by three factors, namely field, tenor and mode. As a language variation, business English correspondence displays both in vocabulary and in syntax unique stylistic features determined by the three situational factors, namely field, tenor and mode, in foreign trade communication. Concerning vocabulary, business English correspondence uses technical terms, polite words, modal verbs, big words and archaic words frequently. And regarding syntax, it tends to use complex sentences, long sentences and passive voice.