汉语双音合成词结构的非句法特征

The Non-grammatical Features of Chinese Double-syllable Compound Word Structure

20世纪80年代以前,汉语双音合成词的构词研究中,在处理内容与形式的问题上,采用句法与构词法同一的纯形式方法成为主流。近年来,学界已经感到用这种方法研究双音合成词有明显的局限。汉语双音合成词在结构形式上具有非句法的特性,对构词法与句法采用相同的术语和结构分析法的做法存在问题,构词法应当脱离语法学而进入词汇学领域,并且应接受理论训诂学语义中心的观点,重视从意义的角度来分析双音合成词的结构模式和用法。

Before 1980s, the trend of treating the content and form of double-syllable compound words was the pure formal way of viewing syntax and word formation as one. Of late, the academic circle began to see the limitation of this way of studying. The structure of Chinese double-syllable compound words is of nongrammatical nature, so it is improper to use the same terms and the same method of structural analysis in studying word formation and syntax. The study of word formation should not only leave grammatology and enter lexicography, but also accept the meaning-centered view held by traditional Chinese lexicon studies - Xun Gu and attach importance to the analysis of the structural mode and usage of double-syllable compound words from the angle of meaning.