南方红壤丘陵区水土流失现状与综合治理对策

Current status and comprehensive control strategies of soil erosion for hilly region in the Southern China

在南方红壤区水土流失与生态安全综合科学考察的基础上,分析南方红壤丘陵区水土流失现状、特点、成因、危害以及近50年来的演变趋势。结果表明:南方红壤考察区目前有水土流失面积13.12万km2,占红壤考察区土地面积的15.06%。近50年来,南方8省的水土流失面积在1985年前呈增加趋势,1985年以后呈现递减趋势。针对水土流失的特点与危害,提出水土流失治理的综合治理对策。认为:《中华人民共和国水土保持法》是水土流失综合治理的根本保证;科学规划、分区治理、实施战略性推进是综合治理的前提,推行生态补偿机制、实施重大工程是综合治理的契机;水土保持科技进步是综合防治水土流失的催化剂。

The article analyzed the present status, the characteristics, the causes, the harm, and the changes within the last 50 years of soil erosion in the hilly area of Southern China based on the results of the project of ＂Scientific and Comprehensive Investigation of Soil Erosion and Ecological Safety in China＂. The results show that the total soil erosion area is 131 244.9 km^2 in the region at present, which accounts for 15.06% of the total area of the region. The results also show that the total eroded area increased before 1985 and decreased after that in the last 50 years. A strategy of comprehensive controlling the soil erosion in the region is proposed. It indicates that the Soil and Water Conservation Law of China is the fundamental guarantee of comprehensively controlling soil erosion; and the scientific planning, regionalization control, and strategetic boosting should be considered as the premise of comprehensive control of soil erosion in the region. In the strategy the push of the mechanism of economic compensation, the actualization of key projects, and the acceleration of scientific and technological advancement for the comprehensive control of soil erosion are also emphasized.