严重颅脑损伤流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of severe craniocerebral injury

目的总结湖南株洲地区近10年来严重颅脑损伤病人资料,分析其流行病学特征。方法收集1996年1月～2005年12月株洲地区严重颅脑损伤资料完整的病例2846例。分析其性别、年龄、受伤机制、诊断方法、就诊和死亡时间、脑疝形成及其时间、治疗方式、治疗结果,并提出影响预后指标。结果交通事故伤为主要类型;严重颅脑损伤的高危年龄16～48岁;男性明显多于女性;81.3%病人通过头颅CT确诊;伤后2h是病人就诊的高峰期,也是死亡的高峰期;死亡率12.89%。结论对高危人群采取预防和监护措施,提高黄金时间内的急救效应,实施规范化救治,重视影响预后的因素,降低死亡率。

[Objective] To explore the Epidemiological data of severe craniocerebral injury cases in the last decade in Zhuzhou, Hunan. [Method] The hospitalized severe craniocerebral injury cases in the city were followed up by epidemiological statistical investigation. The data were analysed in terms of sex, age, injury mechanism, diagnosis, time of admission and death, treatment and results etc. [Results] The vehicle aceident is the major model. The high risk age of the severe cranioeerebral injury was from 16 to 48. The severe cranioeerebral injury in male was obviously higher than in female. The 81.3% of cases were diagnosized by CT. The large of patients were admitted in 2 hours after injury. The peak hour of death was in 2 hours after injury. The mortality rate of the severe craniocerebral injury was 12.89%. [Conclusion] The early and standard salvage in the golden time should be emphasized on the severe craniocerebral injury. The severe craniocerebral injury can be kept away by effective protect and care measures.