广西莪术油抑制植物病原真菌活性的研究

Study on antifungal activity of oil from Curcuma kwangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang

广西莪术(Curcuma kwangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang)为姜科姜黄属植物.通过抑菌实验和电镜技术等方法测定研究了广西莪术油对6种植物病原真菌的抑制作用,结果表明:广西莪术油具有较强的抗真菌活性,对植物病原真菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长均有显著的抑制作用.最低抑制浓度(MIC)的莪术油6.25mL/L对植物病原真菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长均有显著的抑制作用.半抑制率IC50表明广西莪术油对松赤枯病菌的抑制作用最强,最弱的是小麦赤霉病菌.电镜下观察菌丝的横切面表明,处理菌丝的细胞壁消失,原生质解体.研究结果表明广西莪术具有开发为生物农药的潜力.

Abstract： Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang belong to Curcuma genus, which is classified in the family Zingiberaceae. The antifungal effect of the oil of C. kwangsiensis to plant pathogenic fungi was studied by using inhibiting fungi tests and electron microscope technique. The results showed that the oil from C. kwangsiensis had stronger and broad - spectrum antagonistic activity on 6 kinds of fungi. The oil could obviously inhibit hyphal growth at 6.25mL/L. The values of ICs0 indicated that the oil from C. kwangsiensis had highest inhibitive effect on Pestalotia funerea and lowest inhibitive effect on Gibberelle zeae （Schw.） Petch. in 6 kinds of fungi. The hyphal cell wall disappeared and protoplast was dissolved by observation on electron microscope. These results suggested that C. kwangsiensis is a promising for biological pesticide.