叔本华充足理由律及其理论价值

Schopenhauer's "Sufficient Reason Law" and Its Significance

叔本华认为主体具有感性、自我意识、知性和理性四种认识能力,其作用机制分别是充足理由律的存在理由律、动机理由律、生成理由律和认识理由律四种形态。叔本华的"充足理由律"理论首次阐明了人类知识必然性的具体图景,为人类经验和知识的确定性奠立了基础,具有重要的认识论意义。

Schopenhauer thinks that the subject has four kinds of cognitive abilities： sensibility , self-conseiousness understanding and reason. Their acting-mechanism are in the four forms of the sufficient reason law： the existence reason law, the motivation reason law, the generating-reason law, the knowing-reason law. Accordingly, there are four kinds of necessity in human experience and knowledge ： the necessity from the existence reason, from the motivation reason, from the generating-reason and from the knowing-reason（logical reason）. It is of great epistemological significance that Schopenhauer clarifies four kinds of neceasity in human experience and knowledge by four kinds of sufficient reason law.