尼采:一个快乐主义者的悲剧观

Nietzsche and His Optimist's View of Tragedy

尼采认为形而上学设定了一个彼岸世界对此岸世界进行诽谤,因而形而上学的历史就是悲观主义的发展史。基于一种力的感性学,尼采认为自己是唯一的快乐主义者,快乐的前提是要对于生命有一种悲剧意识:英雄人物的毁灭给我们带来灵魂的狂喜。悲剧肯定了一种"美学形而上学",这也是理解"同一者的永恒轮回"的关键。

Nietzsche holds that the history of metaphysics is also the history of pessimism,because the metaphysicians in another world postulated by Nietzsche slander our temporal world.Based on a kind of aesthetic power,Nietzsche thinks he is the only optimist.Owning a tragical consciousness is the precondition of optimism,as the annihilation of a hero can bring us a psychical ecstasy.The tragedy affirms a kind of aesthetic metaphysics and that is the key to understand the theory of 'the eternal recurrence of the same'.