论《诗经》的乐府特质

On the Yuefu Characteristics in The Book of Songs

作为礼乐制度的组成部分,西周建立的乐府体制助歌诗挣脱鬼神怀抱,造就最早的诗人群体,促成诗之文学蜕变。《诗经》乃乐府体制产物、乐府诗的本初形态,其文本定型于颁诗制度解体之时。"风雅颂"的体例折射西周宗法社会政治架构。《诗经》形式上诸多特征,皆可从乐府体制中究因。《诗经》开乐府诗体,树"诗人"风范。复杂奇特的乐府效应,形成中国古代诗歌之独特面貌。

Being part of the system of Ritual and Music,the Yuefu system established in Western Zhou helps poetic songs break away from deity and leads to the emergence of the earliest poets,which also develops the literary transformation of poems.The Book of Songs is the result of Yuefu system as well as the original form of Yuefu poems,whose texts are shpaed when the institution of issuing poems collapses.The classification of 'Feng,Ya and Song' refracts the stuctures of the patriarchal clan,society and politics in Western Zhou.There are many features in The Book of Songs,whose causes can be found in Yuefu system.The Book of Songs creates the Yuefu style in poems and initiates what we call 'poets'.It is the complicated and fancy effects of the Yuefu system that shapes unique Chinese ancient poetry.