论化实为虚笔法在古典小说中的运用

On the writing technique of turning direct narration into indirect narration used in classical novels

为摆脱历史叙述所惯用的全知视角,从而避免使叙事陷入呆板机械和拖沓繁冗的境地,作为最早成熟的叙事作品,《左传》开创了化实为虚的叙述手法。这种叙述技巧是一种虚化和空灵的笔墨,它巧妙地利用限知视角来调节叙述色调,从而使某些情节的叙述达到了化难为易、线索清晰的目的;同时,它还为读者提供了广阔的想象空间。这种导源于《左传》的叙述技巧被古典小说广泛而成功地继承、师法,也得到许多小说评点家的推崇。

In order to get rid of overall narration of of ten used in historical books and avoid making narration inflexible and tediously long, as the earliest mature narrative work, Zuo Zhuan initiated the narrative technique of turning direct narration into indirect narration. Such a narrative technique skillfully uses limited angle of view to regulate narrative tone to achieve the goal of making difficult things easy and cues clearer. In the meanwhile, it also provides wide imaginery space for readers. The technique originated from Zuo Zhuan was carried on by classical novels extensively and praised highly by many novel critics.