伊朗民族关系格局的形成

On the Formation of the Pattern of Iran Ethnic Relations

伊朗是历史悠久、文化底蕴深厚的文明古国,也是历史和现实中的地区强国;当代伊朗是一个多种族、多民族、多宗教和多文化的中央集权制的伊斯兰国家。伊朗地处西亚、中亚和南亚的交叉点,自古是东、西方之间海、陆交通的桥梁,也是各民族的迁徙通道和征服对象,历史上外族多次入主伊朗,影响了伊朗的民族关系和民族构成。波斯民族一直是伊朗的主体民族、影响周边的民族和入侵民族。伊朗在长期的历史过程中形成了人口占多数的民族居中央、少数民族居边疆和大分散小聚居为主、混杂居住为辅的民族、地域关系。同时,历史上伊朗国家统一的时间长于分裂的时间,在近、现代形成了包含多样性的统一的国族文化和顽强的国家认同,当代的伊朗民族关系格局为"多元一体"格局。

Iran is not only a country with an ancient civilization which has a long history and profound cultural heritage, but also a regional power in the history and reality; Contemporary Iran is a multi - racial, multi - ethnic, multi - religious, multi - cultural and centralized Islamic state. Iran is located in the intersection of West Asia, Central Asia and South Asia, which has been the sea and land transportation bridge between the East and the West since ancient times. It is also a migration channel and the conquered object of various ethnic groups. In history, aliens are in charge of Iran for many times which has influenced Iran ethnic relations and composition. The Persian nationality has been the main, peripheral affecting, and aggressed nationality in Iran. In the long historical process, Iran has formed the national, regional relations with the ethnic majority living in the center and the ethnic minority living in the border, with the most living scattered and a few living gathered, supplemented by the mixed living. At the same time, the unified time of Iran is longer than its secession time in the history. Iran has formed diverse and unified national culture and ＂diversity and unity＂ strong national identity. The ethnic relations show a pattern of in contemporary Iran.