运动心理学研究进展

Perspectives in Sport Psychology

概述竞技运动心理、大众锻炼心理和体育教育心理3个领域的研究进展,并提出今后的研究展望。在竞技运动领域,运动心理学家最关注3个领域:运动员认知特征和人格特征、运动员心理状态的检测和评价、运动员心理调节能力的提高。锻炼与心理健康的关系是大众锻炼心理领域关注的重点。体育教育心理研究突出表现在重视对学生体育学习心理的研究,应用性研究增多,对重要的基础理论探索更加深入。但在学生体育学习心理特点和体育教学心理建设功能领域低层次重复性研究较多。运动心理学研究将主要围绕运动员心理训练、各种生理指标在监测与评价运动员心理状态或心理机能时的信度与效度、运动员的运动认知和身体锻炼与心理健康关系4个方面展开。

In this paper, the research perspectives in three fields of psychological studies in competitive sport, exercise and physical education were reviewed. In competitive sport, sport psychologists focused on cognitive and personality characteristics of athletes, diagnosis and evaluation of mental state of athletes and regulation ability of athletes. The relations between exercise and mental health are the core topic in exercise psychology. Psychology in PE concerns the learning psychology in PE lessons, practical researches were increased and important fundamental theories were explored deeply, but the studies in the character of learning in PE and psychological value of PE teaching were repeated in a lower level. In the future, sport psychologists maybe concern four directions, mental training of athletes, the reliability and validity of physiological index in monitoring mental state of athletes, sport cognition of athletes and relations between physical activity and mental health.