农民工社会保障的制度设计——以我国城乡二元社会结构为起点

On the Social Security of Rural Workers

当前,除某些险种和个别地方外,我国农民工参加社会保险的比例普遍偏低。我国农民工社会保障水平低的现状有着复杂的社会经济背景,既有制度不健全的原因,也有观念的因素,但从根本上讲,我国城乡二元分割的社会经济结构是农民工不能充分享受城镇社会保障的根源。在农民工社会保障制度选择上,将农民工立即纳入现行城镇社会保险制度或建立单独的社会保险都有所不足。对农民工应当实行分层分类保障,稳定就业的农民工参加城镇职工社会保险,不稳定就业农民工采取过渡性的社会保障。

At present, there are few peasant workers who take part in the society security in China. The reasons are complicated, but the basic reason lies in the binary social structure of city and country. This article believes that the rural workers who have stable jobs should participate in urban workers＇ social insurance and those who have instable jobs should take part in transitional social security.