健康教育对直肠癌结肠造口术后病人生活质量影响的研究

Study on influence of health education on quality of life of patients with recital carcinoma after coiostomy

目的探讨针对性健康教育对直肠癌结肠造口术后病人生活质量的影响。方法将40例直肠癌结肠造口术病人随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组20例从术后1个月起针对生活质量问题开展针对性的院外健康教育,对照组20例未采取院外护理干预。2组均于术后3个月和6个月进行问卷调查收集资料,并进行统计学处理。结果实验组术后3个月和6个月各项生活质量指标中,会阴伤口闭合情况无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,造口并发症、造口自我护理能力、规律性排便、社会活动能力、精神状况、营养状况等指标均明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,在术后病人对疾病的认知能力方面,术后3个月2组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,而术后6个月2组比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论术后早期开展针对性的院外健康教育,可提高病人生活质量。

Objective To explore the influence of health education on quality of life of the patient with rectal carcinoma after colostomy. Methods 40 patients with rectal carcinoma after colostomy were divided randomly into test group and control group. The patients in test group were given planned out-hospital health education on the problems of quality of life since one month after the operation, while the patients in control group did not be given out-hospital nursing intervention. All cases were investigated with questionnaire at the third and sixth month after the operation, and the data were analyzed statistically. Results In the indexes of quality of life after the operation, there were no significant differences in closing condition of perineum wound between two groups. However, the colostomy complication, colos- tomy self-nursing ability, regular defecation, social activity ability, mental, and nutritional condition of test group were better than those of control group （P 〉 0.05）. As for cognition, there was statistic difference between two groups at third month after operation between two groups （P 〈 0.05）, but not at sixth month （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Early out-hospital health education for postoperative patients can promote their quality of life.